Audacity. The Role Of The Technology In The Learning Process Essay

Daringness. The Role Of The Technology In The Learning Process - Essay Example Understudies could go to the PC lab, and, rather than composing their schoolwork or ventures in class, could get a kick off on their schoolwork and tasks by directing them into amplifiers associated with the PC. The words will at that point show up on the screen and the understudies don't need to do any composing at all. This would be perfect for understudies who have learning inabilities or troubles spelling, as it deals with that viewpoint for them. Their discourse is all they need. This adjusts to NET-S gauges by helping understudies utilize their inventiveness, utilize computerized media to impart, use data, think fundamentally, practice mindful utilization of innovation, and work new technology.4 This adjusts to NETS-T norms by encouraging and motivating understudy imagination, desigining and building up an advanced age learning experience, displaying advanced age work and learning through utilization of Audacity, advancing model advanced citizenship and obligation by utilizing this innovation accurately, and taking part in proficient development and initiative by exhibiting the compelling utilization of the computerized devices and assets of Audacity.5 It bolsters the student by helping that person not need to truly compose their papers; rather, the person can direct the papers to the PC and the product will process them for the person in question. That is the magnificence of this product. What is the role(s) of the

Lord of the Flies †Hook or Brook? Essay

In my perspective perhaps the best novel you can read for GCSE English is ‘Lord of The Flies’ by William Golding. In any case, I’m not simply discussing the book I’m going to discuss the movies, Peter Brook’s 1963 highly contrasting film and Harry Hook’s American style film made in 1994 and how the two of them vary from one another and the book. Sir William Golding was an English sentence structure school kid who read Natural Sciences for a long time at Oxford University before moving to English Literature. He enrolled in the naval force to battle in World War II where he was engaged with the quest for Germany’s mightiest war vessel, the Bismarck and associated with D-Day arrivals. At the point when he returned to the UK to compose and to instruct he had drastically various thoughts of humankind. Huge numbers of his books contained the thoughts that there is nothing of the sort as evident blamelessness, most men are just worried for their own prosperity and that all men are detestable on a fundamental level under tension. His first novel ‘Lord of the Flies’ is a lot of dependent on these thoughts. Golding composed numerous different books including: The Inheritors, Darkness Visible and To the Ends of the Earth. In 1979 Golding won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize, in 1980 he won the Booker Prize, in 1983 he was granted the Nobel Prize for Literature and was knighted by the Queen in 1988. In the end he kicked the bucket of cardiovascular breakdown on June 19, 1993. In the course of his life he saw his most prominent novel, ‘Lord of The Flies’ went in to a film in the 1960’s however kicked the bucket before he could see the second adjustment of the film discharged in 1994. The underlying pictures toward the beginning of the two movies of ‘Lord of the flies’ are significant as they give initial introductions of the film and put things in place for what is to come. Brook’s film begins with a progression of photos indicating gatherings of English punctuation school young men in consistently life, at that point being cleared (for an explanation that you don’t know) and afterward the plane accident on the island. As the pictures are a psalm cozy in latin which, when interprets implies god give us leniency. In Hook’s adaptation the initial scene fires gazing toward the whipping legs of the young men attempting to swim in the sea yet in practically complete quietness then the image raises over the water to uncover seeing all the kid freezing and the hints of shouting, the image at that point sinks to show the pilot sinking and a hand pulling him to the surface followed by the image to show a real existence pontoon opening. The better of the two openings in my perspective is the later 1994 film since it attracts you to the film since you don’t comprehend what will occur. In both Brook’s film and in Hook’s film the young men end up on a tropical island some were in the pacific sea for what it's worth in the book, however the manners in which this is depicted in the two movies are altogether different giving the two openings to the movies totally different emotions. In Brook’s 1963 film you first observe the island during the day with a wide, since a long time ago bended sandy sea shore spread out in front on the off chance that you, supported with low tropical timberland extending into the separation with extremely shallow light shaded ocean. This gives an extremely light quiet climate to the start of the film giving a feeling of confidence. The film was shot for the most part on the island of Vieques in Puerto Rico. Conversely Hooks 1994 adjustment has island is first observed around evening time as the young men enter a little protected inlet, on an actual existence pontoon, and are stood up to with small sea shore with the dark outline of the enormous woods and mountains approaching over them covering everything with shadows this give a feeling of little expectation, peril, frenzy and dread since they don’t know what’s in the shadows. In my psyche this sets the mind-set better for the minutes after a plane accident where you are totally lost, on one knows where you are, all the grown-ups with you have kicked the bucket, contrasted and the practically upbeat felling given in Brook’s film. As in the book the first two character presented in quite a while are Ralf and Piggy. In Brook’s 63 movies, as in the book, Ralf and Piggy have never met and Piggy is the principal individual that Ralf finds after the plane accident. Piggy in first film is a somewhat little, fat kid with glasses, from a lower class back ground who won’t accomplish any physical work since he is over stressed over his asthma and is exceptionally wary about everything. Ralf in this film is a normal punctuation school kid albeit more established than the majority of the young men, with a solid feeling of authority who later becomes pioneer of the kids on the island due to his underlying prominence with the more youthful individuals from the gathering. Anyway in Hooks american 94 film all the youngsters are all from a similar military cadet school. As they are from a similar school they definitely know one another so as Ralf was in a higher situation than the remainder of different young men in the school he was consequently chosen the pioneer of the gathering. Piggy is an exceptionally fat kid with curiously large glasses and is entirely revered and can be extremely irritating as he is in the two movies and the book. Likewise in snares film Ralf is consequently is exceptionally defensive of piggy all however in creeks film and the book Ralf ridicules piggy before get to know him and turning out to be defensive him from a portion of different characters. The other principle character that you are acquainted with in the film is Jack. Jack in streams film is the pioneer of an ensemble who end up on the island in view of the plane accident with his coir. He quickly attempts to assume responsibility for the gathering and is extremely forceful towards Piggy and menaces him. At the point when he neglects to assume responsibility for the gathering he quickly isolates him self and the coir to become trackers for the gathering and become over the top with execute wild pigs. This is fundamentally the same as with snares film when Ralf wins control of the gathering jack parts of and makes a gathering of trackers and turns out to be exceptionally savage and forceful. Imagery in a large number of Goldings book has a major impact and they have a major job in movies of ‘The ruler of the flies’. The conch shell that Ralf and Piggy find on the sea shore in one of the principal sense is of request and that lone the individual holding the shell can talk. At the point when the conch shell is passed up Ralf al the young men react by going to its source like offering an explanation to a school chime. This implies the conch shell in the two movies is an image of request, regard and control. Piggy’s glasses likewise become an image of fire in light of the fact that the will be the young men just wellspring of fire on the island and anyway has the glasses is in charge of fire which is imperative for life on the island. The chasing blade in snares 94 film is an enormous image as it gives a wellspring of food by murdering the pigs on the island and an approach to make weapons for the trackers. One of the fundamental topics in the book and movies is of exploitation and mastery inside the gathering. Nearly when the gathering is shaped Ralf (in the book and in the 63 film) or Jack (in the 94 film) promptly torments piggy by giving him his name, and attempts to place himself above every other person and assume responsibility for the gathering. In snares 94 film all the youthful individuals from the gathering call Jack and Ralf ‘Sir’ demonstrating admiration to the prevailing individuals in the gathering. The sound and music inside the movies are significant as they get the sentiment of the circumstance. In creeks 63-film local channel music is played as their kids are traveling through the backwoods and this give of sentiment of energy, as they are traveling through the woodland. In the two movies the surrounding sounds, similar to winged creatures and frogs, give feeling of sharpness and can add to the strain of a seen. In the two movies what the characters are wearing give a felling of to what extent the have been there and what they have been doing. In the 63 film ate the beginning all the young men have full uniform on, particularly the coir how have outfits and caps one, to having almost no torn pieces of garments on in Hooks 94 film the young men go from having full military uniform to topless with tore shorts on and war paint on there appearances and chests. The length of boy’s hair in the two movies doesn’t change in either film suggesting that they aren’t there for quite a while. One thing that was over look in the two movies is that after the plane accident all the young men are splendidly perfect, clean and fashionable. The hues in the 94 film added to the state of mind of the seen. At the point when the young men are cooperating on the sea shore the hues are lighter adding to the felling of cheerfulness. Then again the woodland is quite often dull greens, earthy colors and blacks and this assists with stressing a negative mind-set. I feel that Brooks 63 film is constantly let somewhere around the reality it is clearly. I think the utilization of the camera is one other primary concern that isolates the two movies. In snares film the camera shots are utilized to help underscore what’s is going on in the film, for instance: shots where the camera is looking down on somebody makes them crease truly admired like when the young men first land on the sea shore, and when the camera is facing up at exactly ones face causes you to feel that there exceptionally ground-breaking or prevailing. Incompletely due to this I feel that the 94 is better than the 64 movies since it does not have the nature of camera shots. In my psyche they are both acceptable movies however the better of the two film is Harry Hook’s 1994 adaptation in view of the better nature of the film and certainly the acting which in Peter Brook’s 1964 film was wooden yet numerous individuals just thinks it was let somewhere around the innovation of the time and in light of the fact that it is a lot of near the book it is a vastly improved film.

Brave New World Compared to 1984 - Free Essay Example

Brave New World and 1984 are similar in illustrating a dystopic version of society, where the state strips individuals of their deepest humanities. The two governments illustrated, however, choose very different ways in which they control the individuals to achieve their societal goals. Brave New World succeeds in this, by the government making life satisfying for its people, through their conditioning, consumerism, sex and drugs (soma). The people believe that they are happy in the society which they live, and dont realize that they have been stripped of the opportunities to seek love, endure pain, consume things like art or religion, which are all things that make us feel fully human. The governmental party of 1984, accomplishes this by trampling outer Party members into allegiance through economic distress, fear, surveillance, and dumbing down the language. Brave New World is a novel about a future society where everything is under the authority of the government. The current hype in technology is paraded around as individuals have their own helicopters and can travel from place to place very quickly. Children are not born, rather they are incubated using embryos from females that are then fertilized. During the gestation process their social status is pre-determined, this allows the government the ability to ensure that any one social group, does not have the ability to grow larger than the other. This creates equality amongst the groups. Once children are incubated and born, they are continually conditioned to consume goods in the capitalist system and to support society by participating in activities. By not allowing the citizens to have extra time on their hands, this leaves not time for contemplation or fruitless thoughts. Because the only focus in this society is the present and future, history is neither taught nor is it recorded . In this society you can have sex with whoever you want and whenever you want, because sex in this culture is purely for enjoyment and recreational purposes. Citizens in this society dont have parents or siblings, and they dont get married. If one starts to feel any type of human emotions or overwhelmed, they take the drug soma, which makes them feel relaxed and worriless. The novel 1984 is different in its view of the future and how the governmental control would affect society. Opposed to the society of Brave New World where technology is readily available to all its citizens, 1984 only allows the use of technology to the Party and upper castes of the government. Modern conveniences are not for everyone in this society, the rest of society has to do with broken-down housing, terrible food, and artificial gin. Everywhere in society they endure the fear of being monitored, in each home they have telescreens which watch their activities and continually display governmental ads to help continue the brainwashing and conditioning. The government uses the Ministry of Truth to control history by re-writing it to suit their needs at any time. The government in this novel is known as Big Brother. While 1984 and Brave New World both depict a government focused on totalitarianism, they each approach it in their own way. Huxley focuses on the happiness of its citizens by keeping them satisfied with their lives, as well as encouraging sex and the use of drugs. On the other hand, Orwell uses media to endure fear and violence into its citizens in order to control the society. The telescreens are never allowed to be powered off and the citizens are in a state of perpetual anguish, that they may be caught for a thought crime and punished. In contrast Brave New Worlds focal point is making citizens happy with the life and class that they were assigned. They are conditioned from the time they are born, throughout their childhood, with the social views and thoughts that are predetermined for the class in which they were assigned. This keeps everyone focused on the trivial things in life, without looking for a deeper meaning in life. If everyone is satisfied or content with life, then no one will have a need to rebel against it. While both governments use different forms of control in order to maintain the society in which they live, the main difference lies in the use of punishment or reward as its motivation.

Implementing A Cohesive Proposition For A Youth Based...

Introduction Three members of the ERAU Nighthawks each tackled a separate example of the priority scenarios given in the textbook exercise. To standardize our approach, the team developed the paradigm shown in Table 1 below from the Larson and Gray textbook to justify the priorities for time, cost, and scope (2014). A credit in the three section headings identifies the team member responsible for the primary content. A summary of the exercise follows in the concluding section. 2a. Time-constraint, Scope-enhance, Cost-accept (Spradley) The first project scenario delivered for this exercise considers a grant proposal for a youth-based program. This proposal will be submitted to a government agency (either a nonprofit or a for-profit). The due date of the grant is set by the agency who will award the grant. The proposal due date sets this project against a calendar deadline. This deadline means the project will have a fixed time constraint for those writing the grant proposal. The writers of the proposal will strive to create a cohesive proposition enhanced with detailed descriptions, charts, and statistics. The program boundary encompasses youth as the target group who will benefit from the program. This adds value in the dimension of performance. Therefore, the project performance includes a scope-enhanced criterion. Though not ideal, going over budget is acceptable when submitting for a grant proposal. Since this financial parameter is relaxed, theShow MoreRelatedBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 Pagesregional brands expand and Budweiser s Eagle brand break out of its niche to become a major competitor. New product forms that provide real alternatives for the customer have encroached the soft drink market, bottled water, carbonated water, fruit-based drinks, and new age drinks, among others. Additional competitors not only contribute to price pressure and brand complexity, but also make it much harder to gain and hold a position. 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Women s Rights And Abolitionist Movement Essay - 985 Words

The Beginning of Women’s Rights Abolitionist Movement Women’s Rights Abolitionists Back in the nineteenth century men and women were not treated equally as they are now. Women did not have as much freedom as the men did and that caused a national movement. Not only were the women segregated from the men, but the discrimination against the African American race was a huge ordeal as well. With both movements combined, it led to a controversial development at that time. Not only were women fighting for equality, they were also fighting for the prejudice to end amongst the different races. The beginning of the Women’s Rights Movement and the Abolitionist Movement was not only a historic development, but it changed the world forever. First, let’s talk about what caused the women’s rights movement and how it not only paved the way for the abolitionist movement but, how powerful the campaigns were when combined. In the nineteenth century, the women’s main role was to be a house wife. Women were often stuck at home doing chores and taking care of the children. They were not allowed to vote, hold a title in public office, work, own property, or even get an education (Women s Rights. (n.d.), 2016). The women of the nineteenth century wanted to change those rules so they fought for equality. There were many women who were brave enough to stand up for their rights and publicly speak about their thoughts and civil liberties towards equality between men and women. InShow MoreRelatedWomen s Rights Movement And Abolitionist Movements1397 Words   |  6 Pagesmultiple factors which linked the women’s rights movements and the abolitionist movements. Many women joined abolitionist movement as a way to enter public life and have the opportunity to talk about controversial topics. They faced criticism for addressing these controversial issues which prompted them to attempt gain freedom for women as well as those who were enslaved. 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Reform movements did not always work but the ones that did greatly changed the way our nation operates today. There were three major reform movements that have altered the nation; the abolitionist movement, the temperance movement and the women s suffrage movement. Without these movements, and the great leadersRead MoreElizabeth Cady Stanton s Declaration Of Sentiments1249 Words   |  5 PagesMy paper will include Elizabeth Cady Stanton and what made her set out to start the Women s Rights Movement with her friend Susan B Anthony. Elizabeth became an early leader for the women s rights movements, writing the â€Å"Declaration of Sentiments† as a sign for equal rights for women.In every soul there is bound up some truth and some error, and each gives to the world of thought what no other one possesses.â⠂¬â€Cousin. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was born on November 12, 1815 in Johnstown New York.

Prenatal Depression and Prematurity

Question: Discuss about the Prenatal Depression and Prematurity. Answer: Introduction: Mental health nursing is a key domain in nursing profession, which is specialized for mental health and provides care services for people of all ages, experiencing mental illness, including mild symptoms like anxiety to as severe disease as schizophrenia and dementia. Mental health nurses need to deal with patients having mental disorders and each patient might have different types of symptoms; thus diagnosis of mental health issues re difficult and mental health nurses should consist some additional skills and competencies to provide effective care services to them (Townsend, 2014). In this context, the patients experiencing mental health issues need additional support and empathy, for which establishment of a therapeutic alliance or a strong therapeutic relationship is important. In this essay, the key concern is the 18 years old teenager Angelina, who has been recently diagnosed with depression symptoms. Due to some depressive symptoms, Angelina is unable to complete her studies and normal life activities, causing a significant hindrance in both her future career as well as personal life. In this context, the essay has been focused upon the discussion on therapeutic engagement of Angelina and implementation therapeutic modalities appropriate for Angelina on the ward. There are more than one treatment modalities, which can be implemented for the improvement of Angelinas mental status, which would be evaluated in this essay. This essay focused upon the key mental health services, which should be provided by a mental health nurse to deal with Angelinas case. Angelinas has commenced her first year of nursing at a Melbourne university. She moved from Warrnambool at the start of the year and lives with two other female university students. There is no family history of mental illness or substance misuse and Angelinas developmental milestones are all normal. She was a high achieving student and enjoyed sports with a good social network of friends. Over the last two weeks, Angelinas roommates have been concerned with her mental state as Angelina has been displaying the following symptoms of depression: depressed mood most of the day and every day, feelings of hopelessness, helplessness and worthlessness., decreased interest in her nursing subjects and missing classes, weight loss of about 8kgs, insomnia, psychomotor retardation, fatigue, reduced concentration attention with all the above symptoms leading to t houghts of suicide without suicidal intent or plan. At this situation, Angelia is unable to continue her studies and appeared in the university examinations. Her parents brought her to the emergency department for a mental health review. In this context, the first priority of the mental health nurse is to establish a positive and strong relationship with Angelina. Establishing strong therapeutic relationship is the initial step of mental health care provision. In case of Angelina, as she was suffering from depression, she may feel uncomfortable in the health care settings and unwilling to provide information during assessment. In case of mental health nursing, mental health history is crucial to relate the past life consequences with the present symptoms (Videbeck, 2013). Thus, in this context, some key interventions should be implemented by the mental health nurse, in order to engage her in the therapeutic process, after which, upon which the appropriate intervention selection would depend. Building trust is a key skill of mental health nurse, while dealing with a patient like Angelia, who is suffering from severe depression. Angelia has shown the symptoms of depression and isolation from the social connection, thus, while assessing her, she might not tell the nurse about her feelings, issues as well as actual needs; she might feel helpless and isolated in the new therapeutic environment. Thus, it is very important to build trust of Angelina towards the mental health nurse, so that Angelina can express her feelings and provide the nurse and other health care staff important information required for her therapeutic procedures. Fortinash and Worret (2014) suggested that without building trust, nurse-client relationship would not be established and interventions would not be successful. To build trust of Angelina, the mental health nurse should demonstrate some key behavioural traits including friendliness, caring, interest, consistency, understanding, good and polite comm unication, approachability, listening, honesty and suggesting her options, instead of telling to do something. Empathy and respect Empathy is the ability for entering into the life of another person, to communicate and understand clients needs and to perceive clients current feelings and their meanings accurately, as claimed by (Tansey Burke, 2013). Accurate empathy involves more than knowing what the client is attempting to mean, by involving sensitivity to the patients current feelings as well as the verbal ability to interact and communicate this understanding in a language, which is familiar to the client. As Angelina is showed depressive symptoms and isolation, it may be difficult to understand her actual needs; in this context, empathy can promptly influence constructive learning and change. It is done by dissolving her feelings of isolation through connecting the patient with others. Sometime, people confuse between sympathy and empathy; however to build good nurse-patient relationship, nurse should show empathy, not sympathy. By sympathising the client, nurse may inhibit the expression of clients feelin g through projection of her own concern. Thus, in case of Angelina, the mental health nurse should empathy, thereby acknowledging her feelings, while allows her to talk and express her emotions, at the same time. Genuineness of s mental health nurse indicates that the nurse is an honest, sincere and open-minded person, who is actively involved in nurse-patient relationship. This trait is the opposite of self-alienation. Showing genuineness would help Angelina to feel secure and safe in the therapeutic environment, which also influences the development of trust towards nurse as well as the health care system (Andersson et al., 2012). If the nurse lacks this particular attribute, the patient would not be able to show openness, personal freedom and self-acceptance, making the relationship week, which will in turn make Angelina to feel unsafe and unable to share her needs for therapeutic purposes. Unconditional positive regards When a patient is shown unconditional positive regards, the patient starts to feel valued, which influence the patient to express her feelings and current health needs. Thus, it is important to show unconditional positive regards to maximize her involvement in the therapeutic practice (Ward, 2011). In the following section, the therapeutic treatment modalities suitable for Angelina would be discussed. Cognitive behavioural therapy is one of the key evidence-based psychological treatment that recognizes the cognition and behavioural attributes of a person. Several evidences have identified CBT as the most effective psychological treatment for depression, while it has been found to be useful for a wide range of ages, including children, adolescents, adults and older people (Dobkin et al., 2011). In this therapeutic modality, the mental health nurse would assist the psychotherapist to identify the thoughts and behaviour patterns, which are making Angelina more likely to become depressed or hindering the way of her betterment, while experiencing depression. In this context, in a holistic, team based and client-centred approach, therapist and MHN would attempt to understand the reason behind her depression, as it has not been identified in the case scenario. Once professionals successfully identified the key reasons, they attempt to change her thoughts and behaviour by teaching her to think rationally about common difficulties, the consequences, thereby helping her to shift negative or harmful thought patterns as well as reactions to a more positive, realistic and problem-solving approach (Beck, 2011). This therapy would help her to cope the strategies for modifying her depressive thoughts into positive thoughts. Antidepressant medication As Angelina is suffering from severe depression along with insomnia, psychomotor retardation, fatigue, reduced concentration, attention, weight loss along with suicidal thoughts, only psychological therapy, like CBT may not work successfully, in this context, she can be prescribed with antidepressant medications to reduce the severity of her psychological symptoms (Keltner, 2013). Several studies have suggested that a combination of both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy has a more significant outcome, compared to the implementation of only one of them. Angelina may prescribe with medications for one or a combination of mood stabilisers, antidepressants and anti-psychotic drugs. However, the dosage and type should be confirmed by the psychotherapist. However, antidepressant can only make her feel better, but cannot change the personality or work for all the time. Thus, combining psychotherapy is important to eliminate the causes of depressive symptoms from the root. In addition, there are also some side effects. The mental health nurse need to encourage Angelina to adhere to her therapeutic procedures, provide her medication on proper time and motivate her positive thinking, while understanding and acknowledging her current holistic needs (Ciraulo Shader, 2011). The MHN should also be accountable for monitoring improvement in Angelinas behaviour and elimination of depressive symptoms. In addition, monitoring side effects are also responsibility of the MHN. Relaxing training and self-management In addition to the two key modalities, i.e. psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for Angelinas treatment, there are other alternatives, which could improve the outcomes. One of this is development of self-management skills along with adaptation of relaxing techniques, which will help to reduce depressive symptoms. In this context, health promotional sessions has been shown to improve self-management skills of client. Health promotional session would help to improve awareness of Angelina and would promote her ability to cope with her own situation, thoughts and beliefs, thereby improving her self-management skills. In addition, relaxing techniques, like yoga, meditation and acupuncture are the key conventional methods of relaxation (Field et al., 2012). She can be engaged with different types of relaxation training, including muscle relaxation and breathing regulation. In addition, music is one of the key conventional relaxation techniques, which bursts out stress and promote positive th inking. These techniques have been proved their efficiency in reducing stress, anxiety as well as depressive symptoms. MHN would help Angelina to understand the importance of these techniques and monitor her improvement, while undergoing these conventional alternative therapeutic approaches. Support and referral for rehabilitation The fourth intervention is also alterative processes for improving Angelinas psychological heal outcomes. In this context, the mental health nurse can provide her referrals of support groups, where she will have an opportunity to connect with others, who are undergoing similar experiences and symptoms; it would make her socialize as well as attempt to eliminate her feeling developed for isolation. Once Angelina starts to feel valued and understand the challenges of her life, she would be influenced to modify her own thoughts and get back to her normal life (Chibanda et al., 2011). At this stage of her therapy, the MHN would attempt to involve her family, friends and other near and dear ones, to feel her better. Once Angelina stats to understand the reason and importance of her wellbeing, she would be happy and start to feel better, upon encountering her near and dear ones in the therapeutic environment, thereby promoting her positive thoughts and overall well being. In addition to the social groups, for ultimate recovery, the mental health nurse can provide her referrals for rehabilitation centres, where she would be motivated towards her mental well being (Stuart, 2014). The nurse can provide the referrals of the best rehabilitation centres, which is available and affordable for her. Concluding the essay, it can be said that Angelina, who is the key focus of this essay, can have a better life and reduced depressive symptoms, through continuous support and therapeutic engagement. In this context, the therapeutic engagement is dependent upon the key mental health nursing attributes, including empathy, genuineness, trust building and positive regards. The essay involved the discussion about four different treatment modalities for Angelina, which could have a significant positive impact upon her psychological improvement. These modalities include CBT, pharmacotherapy, relaxing techniques, self management and social support and referrals. However, adherence of Angelina with the therapeutic procedures is the key determinant of her therapeutic outcome, which can only ensured by the MHN through a positive and trustworthy relation building along with motivation. Reference List Andersson, G., Paxling, B., Wiwe, M., Vernmark, K., Felix, C. B., Lundborg, L., ... Carlbring, P. (2012). Therapeutic alliance in guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioural treatment of depression, generalized anxiety disorder and social anxiety disorder.Behaviour Research and Therapy,50(9), 544-550. Beck, J. S. (2011). Cognitive-behavioral therapy.Clinical textbook of addictive disorders, 474-501. Chibanda, D., Mesu, P., Kajawu, L., Cowan, F., Araya, R., Abas, M. A. (2011). Problem-solving therapy for depression and common mental disorders in Zimbabwe: piloting a task-shifting primary mental health care intervention in a population with a high prevalence of people living with HIV.BMC public health,11(1), 828. Ciraulo, D. A., Shader, R. I. (Eds.). (2011).Pharmacotherapy of depression. New York: Humana Press. Dobkin, R. D., Menza, M., Allen, L. A., Gara, M. A., Mark, M. H., Tiu, J., ... Friedman, J. (2011). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression in Parkinson's disease: a randomized, controlled trial.American Journal of Psychiatry,168(10), 1066-1074. Field, T., Diego, M., Hernandez-Reif, M., Medina, L., Delgado, J., Hernandez, A. (2012). Yoga and massage therapy reduce prenatal depression and prematurity.Journal of bodywork and movement therapies,16(2), 204-209. Fortinash, K. M., Worret, P. A. H. (2014).Psychiatric mental health nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences. Keltner, N. L. (2013).Psychiatric nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences. Stuart, G. W. (2014).Principles and practice of psychiatric nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences. Tansey, M. J., Burke, W. F. (2013).Understanding countertransference: From projective identification to empathy. Routledge. Townsend, M. C. (2014).Psychiatric mental health nursing: Concepts of care in evidence-based practice. FA Davis. Videbeck, S. (2013).Psychiatric-mental health nursing. Lippincott Williams Wilkins.

Slavery In The U.S. Essays - Slavery, , Term Papers

Slavery in the U.S. In North America the first African slaves landed at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619. Brought by early English privateers, they were subjected to limited servitude, a legalized status of Native American, white, and black servants preceding slavery in most, if not all, the English colonies in the New World. The number of slaves imported was small at first, and it did not seem necessary to define their legal status. Statutory recognition of slavery, however, occurred in Massachusetts in 1641, in Connecticut in 1650, and in Virginia in 1661; these statutes mainly concerned fugitive slaves. With the development of the plantation system in the southern colonies in the latter half of the 17th century, the number of Africans imported as agricultural slave laborers increased greatly, and several northern coastal cities became centers of the slave traffic. Generally, in the northern colonies, slaves were used as domestics and in trade; in the Middle Atlantic colonies they were used more in agriculture; and in the southern colonies, where plantation agriculture was the primary occupation, almost all slaves were used to work the plantations. As African slaves became an increasingly important element in the English colonies in America, particularly in the South, where they were fundamental to the economy and society, the laws affecting them were modified. By the time of the American Revolution (1775-1783), they were no longer indentured servants but slaves in the fullest sense of the term, and laws defining their legal, political, and social status with respect to their owners were specific. In 1800 the population of the United States included 893,602 slaves, of which only 36,505 were in the northern states. Vermont, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey provided for the emancipation of their slaves before 1804, most of them by gradual measures. The 3,953,760 slaves at the census of 1860 were in the southern states. Eminent statesmen from the earliest period of the national existence, such as George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton, regarded slavery as evil and inconsistent with the principles of the Declaration of Independence. The Society of Friends (Quakers) uniformly opposed slavery and agitated against it. The Presbyterian church made several formal declarations against it between 1787 and 1836. The Methodist Episcopal church always cherished strong antislavery views, but in 1844, when one of its bishops was suspended for refusing to emancipate slaves he had inherited through his wife, a secession took place and the Methodist Episcopal Church, South was formed. Individuals and groups of people of almost all sects defended slavery. On the whole, antislavery views grew steadily; but many who personally held strong antislavery opinions hesitated to join actively in abolitionist agitation, unwilling to dispute what many citizens he ld to be their rights. The 13th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, abolishing slavery throughout the United States, was ratified in 1865. For more information about the history of slavery in the United States, see Blacks in the Americas; Abolitionists; Missouri Compromise; American Anti-Slavery Society; Emancipation Proclamation; and Civil War, American. Slavery in the 20th Century An important achievement was the adoption of the International Slavery Convention in 1926 by the League of Nations. This convention provided for the suppression and prohibition of the slave trade and complete abolition of slavery in all forms. The convictions embodied in the convention were reaffirmed by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the United Nations in 1948. In 1951 a United Nations committee on slavery reported that the practice of slavery was declining rapidly, with only a vestige of slavery remaining in a few areas of the world. Nevertheless, the committee found that forms of servitude similar to slavery affected a large number of people. These types of servitude include forms of serfdom and peonage, various abuses arising from the adoption of children, and the transfer in marriage of women without their consent. At the recommendation of the committee a conference representing 51 nations was held in Geneva in 1956. The conference adopted a Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery to supplement the convention of 1926. The new convention condemns forms of servitude similar to slavery

Teaching Children to Count

Teaching Children to Count A childs first teacher is their parent. Children are often exposed to their earliest math skills by their parents. When children are young, parents use food and toys as a vehicle to get their children to count or  recite numbers. The focus tends to be on rote counting, always starting at number one rather than the understanding the concepts of counting. As parents feed their children, they will refer to one, two, and three as they give their child another spoonful or another piece of food or when they refer to building blocks and other toys. All of this is fine, but counting requires more than a simple rote approach whereby children memorize numbers in a chant-like fashion. Most of us forget how we learned the many concepts or principles of counting. Principles Behind Learning to Count Although weve given names to the concepts behind counting, we dont actually use these names when teaching young learners. Rather, we make observations and focus on the concept. Sequence: Children need to understand that regardless of which number they use for a starting point, the counting system has a sequence.Quantity or Conservation: The number also represents the group of objects regardless of size or distribution. Nine blocks spread all over the table are the same as nine blocks stacked on top of each other. Regardless of the placement of the objects or how theyre counted (order irrelevance), there are still nine objects. When developing this concept with young learners, its important to begin with pointing to or touching each object as the number is being said. The child needs to understand that the last number is the symbol used to represent the number of objects. They also need to practice counting the objects from bottom to top or left to right to discover that order is irrelevantregardless of how the items are counted, the number will remain constant.Counting Can Be Abstract: This may raise an eyebrow but have you ever asked a child to count the n umber of times youve thought about getting a task done? Some things that can be counted arent tangible. Its like counting dreams, thoughts or ideasthey can be counted but its a mental ​and not tangible process. Cardinality: When a child is counting a collection, the last item in the collection is the amount of the collection. For instance, if a child counts 1,2,3,4,5,6, 7 marbles, knowing that the last number represents the number of marbles in the collection is cardinality. When a child is prompted  to recount the marbles how many marbles there are, the child doesnt yet have cardinality. To support this concept, children need to be encouraged to count sets of objects and then probed for how many are in the set. The child needs to remember the last number represents the quantity of the set. Cardinality and quantity are related to counting concepts.Unitizing: Our number system groups objects into 10 once 9 is reached. We use a base 10 system whereby a 1 will represent ten, one hundred, one thousand, etc. Of the counting principles, this one tends to cause the greatest amount of difficulty for children. Note We’re  sure youll never look at counting quite the same way when working with your children. More importantly, always keep blocks, counters, coins or buttons to ensure that you are teaching the counting principles concretely. The symbols wont mean anything without the concrete items to back them up.

A Concussion is No Laughing Matter

This is what I saw in manga, but the character got hard on my head, the stars suddenly floated in the air, and the manga looked very awkward. However, in just a few seconds, the cartoon restarts and resumes operation. In the latest legend of Tom and Jerry or Coyote and Roadrunner, this seems interesting, but in real life it is not that fascinating. Looking at the stars, fainting and feeling unconscious may be a brain injury called concussion. Concussion or traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a very serious problem that needs to be treated in this way. However, traditional doctors and medicines often treat post-concussion treatment as long-term treatment. You may ask if there is a general concussion or TBI In the absence of common symptoms, they believe that you healed, but symptoms of concussion have been affected for a long time. There are various ways to heal the brain after concussion, so you can return to sports events and restore quality living. We used the definition of concussion proposed by international consensus on sports concussion. Thus, athletes experiencing acceleration of brain trauma followed by concussion symptoms, concussion or cognitive decline of the brain are diagnosed as concussion. . Standardized entrance and follow-up visit forms are used in various places. The patient enters demographic information (date of birth, gender etc.) and clinical data (eg, injured day, injured movement, symptom score after concussion). A single definition of concussion, mild head trauma, or mild traumatic brain trauma is generally accepted. International Symposium on Sports Vibration 2001 In the first session of the sports group the vibration of the first session was defined as a complicated pathophysiological process affecting the brain caused by traumatic biomechanical force. It is generally accepted that concussion is usually accompanied by transient damage that temporally spontaneously heals over time, and neuroimaging usually has a severe structural change ca used by the condition of the brain It indicates that it is not.

Women are the Stronger Sex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Women are the Stronger Sex - Essay Example Women are more nurturing than men because they have to be. Women care for others. This does not mean men do not have the capacity to nurture, but women as a majority have a greater capacity. Women take care of children, the sick, and elderly family members. One author reveals: Over the years, women have won access to the paid workplace, but they have yet to win the social change that truly acknowledges the contributions of unpaid care to the economy and society. Nurturing or caring for another individual involves things not considered manly. An example would be changing diapers, either a child or a parent. Some men do changes diapers, but all women with children change diapers. Women have to nurture, which make them the stronger sex. Women are also physically stronger, not in strength but in health and living with more illness. In the US, a woman’s life expectancy is 79 years, while a man’s life expectancy is 72 years (Cromie). Women live longer than men worldwide. Cromie states, â€Å"While men die from their diseases, women live with them." Although women live longer, they develop â€Å"arthritis, osteoporosis, and diabetes†. This attests to the physical endurance of women. Recently, women have been urged to only donate whole blood, not plasma. In Oklahoma, women have been prohibited from donating plasma. This is due to an antibody that women develop when they are pregnant but are immune to, but men are not. This has caused complications in transfusions, leading to pulmonary problems. Their bodies are stronger than that of a man.

Relationship Between Service Advertising Strategies and Consumers Dissertation

Relationship Between Service Advertising Strategies and Consumers Responses Within Hospitality Industry - Dissertation Example the primary research instrument and are administered in various modes, such as by regular mail, overnight delivery, fax, the Internet and drop-off/pick up. Meanwhile, interview-completed surveys are conducted personally in a shopping mall, home, office or other workplace of the consumer-respondent or coursed through the telephone. On the other hand, Hair et al. (2011) explained that observations may be conducted in three ways: (1) directly by a human observer; (2) electronically, as in the scanning of purchases in retail outlets or click-through behaviour of individuals when browsing the Internet; and (3) mechanically, through the telephone as when business calls are recorded for quality control monitoring or training purposes. Qualitative techniques. The qualitative techniques in commonly used in business researched are classified as interview-based or observation based. Both classifications used interview / interview guides. In-depth interviews, focus-groups, case studies and proje ct techniques are interview-based. In contrast, qualitative observations carried out either directly by a human observer or electronically. Traditional focus groups are the most frequently selected qualitative observation technique based on the 2008 trends in research industry (as cited in Hair, et al., 2011). Other common observation-based qualitative techniques based on research industry trends include personal and telephone-coursed in-depth interviews, chat or text-based online focus groups, video-based online focus-groups, interview / groups using online communities, monitoring blogs, and ethnography (Hair, et al., 2011; Bryman & Bell, 2007). Mixed methods techniques. Mixed methods research refers to one which â€Å"integrates quantitative and qualitative research within a single... This dissertation chapter discusses the methodology, that was designed to provide direction in the collection, processing and analysis of data in this study, which ventured to look at the consumer decision process in terms of the association between the advertising strategy applied and corresponding consumer reactions to the strategy utilized within the hospitality sector. Three groups of research techniques are available for this type of business-related inquiry, namely: quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods. A quantitative technique was deemed most appropriate for the purpose of the study. Survey methodology was adopted with the use of a researcher-constructed instrument consisting of twenty items developed from existing literature. The instrument was evaluated using face validity and internal consistency reliability, for which pre-testing and pilot testing were carried out. Simple random sampling was utilized in the calculation of minimum required sample size of 138. The sam pling unit adopted in this chapter of the dissertation was the household. Systematic sampling was used in the administration of the research instrument to one household for every 500 households in the Bournemouth area. To sum up, it can be stated that data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Inferential statistics were carried out using two-tailed or non-directional analysis and a 0.05 level of significance. A coding guide and an interpretation guide facilitated the analysis of data.

The 1954 CIA Coup in Guatemala :: CIA Guatemalan Government Economy Essays

The 1954 CIA Coup in Guatemala The 1954 coup that deposed the democratically elected government of Guatemala has long been acknowledged to have been the result of CIA covert action. Recently declassified documents have shown a new, and more sinister light, on the CIA's involvement in an action that gave birth to some of the most brutally dictatorial regimes in modern history. No one at this point will dispute the original involvement, but there are still those who maintain that this is all water over the dam of history and that the US has not had direct responsibility for the actions of a Guatemalan government since the 1954 coup. (Evans-Pritchard) I intend to outline the background of the political circumstances that lead to the coup. This will include Guatemala, the US and the world scene at the time, when anti-communism contended with communism as state ideologies. I will contend that the coup was all but inevitable in the prevailing political climate of 1954. But that still doesn't make it right. We have been finding out for nearly half a century how wrong it was. Opinions have always varied with the positions of their adherents, but I believe there is one thing that can no longer be disputed: the CIA catalyzed a turn for the worse, even to the inhuman, for many Latin American governments by its actions in managing the Guatemalan coup. They provided the essential weapon for the modern national security state, the knowledge of how to organize an efficient apparatus of state repression and terror. ‘The wink and the nod’ that was all somehow acceptable to your primary sponsor caused many a dictator to adopt these methods to take and maintain power. Only recently have internal CIA documents become available, allowing researchers to begin to look inside the CIA itself. Partial as these releases are, they supply valuable insight into the machinations of this secretive organization. These documents outline the beginning of the Terror; let's hope we are seeing the end of it. The early 1950s was a time of tension and uncertainty in the world. The Cold War replaced ‘hot’ war. Humankind had gone from the terror of actual war to the terror of the potential of nuclear war. The situation was aggravated by the ongoing conflict in Korea which pitted the forces of the ‘Free World’ against the specter of international Communism. Anticommunist hysteria gripped the US political scene, mirroring many of the excesses of the Stalinist enemy that it was in struggle with in the international arena.

Sony’s Environment Analysis

Executive Summary Sony Corp. acquired Ericsson’s shares in their 50-50 joint venture Sony Ericsson early this year and rebranded it into Sony Mobile, a wholly own subsidiary of Sony Corp. The aim of this audit is to analysis current situation of Sony Mobile and suggests how Sony Mobile could compete in such competitive market It started with analysis about the mobile phone market. It then gave an overview about Sony Mobile and STP analysis. This audit used Porter 5 Forces to analyse the current situation of Sony Mobile.PEST and SWOT analysis were used to determine the external macro and micro environment and Sony Mobile’s internal strength and weakness. It also analysed Sony Mobile’s main competitors in the industry and used the marketing mix to analyse its marketing strategy. Finally, the audit gave evaluation of the current situation and gave recommendations. Industry Background Market Size: The global mobile phone industry consists of all analog and digital ha ndsets used for mobile telephony (Marketline, 2009). Mobile phone industry is a very fast growing and competitive industry with many big players like Nokia, Samsung, LG, HTC, RIM, Apple, etc.According to International Telecommunication Union (2011), total number of mobile subscriber worldwide has reached 5,981 millions. The breakdown of subscription by regions extracted from ITU is as follow: Source: ITU Gartner, the world's leading information technology research and advisory company, in its report in 2012 reported that total number of mobile phone shipped in 2011 is 1,775 million units. Total sales of smartphone in 2011 have reached 491. 4 millions, around 27. 7% of total mobile phone sales. (IDC, 2011) Market Growth In 2012, mobile phone industry operating profits rose more than 44% annually (Strategy Analytics, 2012).This is a very impressive growth for any industry thanks to the creation and expansion of 3G and 4G net-works. That led to the demand for 3G and 4G mobile handset g lobally. Total number of mobile phones rose by 11. 1% (Gartner, 2012) and total number of smartphone rose by 61. 3%. (IDC, 2012) Market Trend In 2007, the first iPhone was introduced to the market and it changed the game. Apple created a new trend to the mobile phone industry, the trend of smartphone. Since then to now, Apple has sold more than 200 million iPhones, customers started to pick up smartphone instead of feature phone and producer started to follow the trend.Samsung came up with its Galaxy series, Nokia with its N series, etc. Currently, iPhone and Galaxy from Apple and Samsung are the two best-selling smartphone models worldwide. The two models are being priced quite high but multi-million of them have been sold. The two tech giant, Apple and Samsung continue to lead the market and enjoy the lion's share of global revenues and profits, thanks to the weak performance of other giant such as Nokia, Motorola and LG. Below chart showed the change in market share of top 5 smar tphone vendors. Market ShareNokia’s market share is declining year by year but still, it is holding the largest pie of the cake. Taiwanese mobile producer HTC, Korean giants Samsung and LG are becoming stronger and stronger, Research in Motion has always has its certain share in the market and Apple with its Swiss army knife iPhone, is becoming a biggest threat to all competitors in the industry. The market share of the industry is as follow: In such market, competing in this industry would be difficult enough, but to be a market leader will be even more challenging. Sony Mobile, successor ofSony Ericsson which has the financial support of Sony Corp. and the technology and market share of Ericsson, has always strived to be the top player in mobile industry. Company Background – Sony History Akio Morita & Masaru Iuka founded the Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo in 1946. It was then renamed into Sony Corp. in 1958 due to the belief that a company’s name should be as short and easy to remember as possible. Its headquarters is in Japan but its presence is all over the world and in almost any industry. Howard Stringer is currently appointed as Sony Corp. chairman and CEO.In 2001, Sony joint venture with Ericsson and introduce to the mobile phone industry a new player Sony Ericsson. The milestone marking the success of this joint venture is in 2003 when Sony Ericsson launched the camera phone. It was the combination between the famous Sony cyber shot digital camera and the Ericsson mobile phone technology. However, very soon after, in 2011, due to the significant decline in sales over several years, Ericsson wanted to withdraw from the joint venture. Taking the opportunity, instead of closing down Sony Ericsson, Sony bought Ericsson shares and it became a fully own subsidiary of Sony Corp.It is now dealing with over 2500 contractors worldwide. The current workforce of Sony is around 9400 employees under the leadership of Kunimasa Suzuki, the newly-appointed CEO of Sony Mobile Communications. Sales and Finance As indicated in its 2011 fourth quarter financial statements, Sony Mobile, formerly known as Sony Ericsson report a loss of 247 million euro. It is a decline of 374% from 2010. The lost was due to the rise in competitiveness of the market. It also reflect the unfavourable macroeconomic and the effects of the flood in Thailand in November 2011.The company have shifted from selling feature phones to smartphones. Its Android-based smartphone sales in the fourth quarter increased 65% year-on-year. Sony Mobile have the total units sale during the 2011 fourth quarter is 9 million, it is a decrease of 20% from last year. The decrease in sales is the result of the shift from feature phones to smart phones. The number of feature phones was significantly dropped due to the change in strategy but the increase in smartphone sale is too little to offset the loss in sales despite the fact that the sale in Xperia smartphones to date has reached 28 million.Sales for the quarter were approximately â‚ ¬1. 3 billion, 80% of which is from Xperia smartphones. This has emphasized the company's shift in strategy from selling feature phones to selling smartphones. The gross profit margin was 24%. It is a decrease compare to 30% the same quarter last year and 27% in the previous quarter. The decrease in gross profit margin show the difficulties of Sony in sales due to the increasing in market competitiveness with the rise of many innovative, creative and strong competitors such as Nokia, Samsung, Apple.The price competition is affecting Sony gross profit margin and it also one of the reason led to the loss of Sony Mobile during this quarter. Due to the difficulties and the shift in strategies and the restructuring program mentioned above, Sony Ericsson ended the quarter with a net loss of â‚ ¬207 million. Cash flow from operating activities during the quarter was negative Euro 26 million. External borrowings were Euro 19 milli on during the quarter. Total borrowings were Euro 742 million at the end of the quarter. Total cash balances at December 31, 2011 were Euro 442 million. Business objectives:Sony Mobile is aiming to challenge the market leaders in smartphone producers. They want to integrate Sony Corp. technology into their phones in order to compete with others smartphone vendor like Apple or Samsung. They want to gain market share any try to become number one market leader. â€Å"Sony will change† as quoted by the current President and the CEO of Sony Corp. , Sony is reinventing itself to deliver a new, unique and exciting experience for its customers around the world. Sony is now moving fully towards giving an all-in-one solution through its new array of smartphones powered by android operating system.SONY STP ALALYSIS (Segmentation Targeting and Positioning): In marketing most important things are the marketing segmentation and the marketing mix. Even if you come up with a best product and if you do not use the right marketing strategies the result can be devastating. Sony is one of the electronic companies in the world but it cannot be attributed just to the technology and the innovation. Sony's marketing segmentation consists of four different lines: 1) Mobile phones 2) Sony music 3) Sony pictures (Play Station) ) Electronics (TV, camera, walkman, computer, MP3 players) Source: http://www. consumerpsychologist. com/cb_Segmentation. html Segmentation: Sony takes an effort to understand its customers as much as possible. The marketing segmentation makes the process more efficient and effective. It divides the market into small pieces and targets people who belong to the same group and feel the same desire for a product. Sony mobile aims to target the mid-end to high-end market and they offer high quality product irrespective of the cost.Sony mobile works on the design of handset to make it more stylish. Segmentation can be done in four categories: * Demographic * Geo graphic * Psychographic * Behavioural Demographic: Marketers typically consider for a broader vision of socioeconomic characteristic as demographic variables. Demographic characteristic that marketers commonly use to segment markets include age, sex, race, education, occupation and social class. Sony mobiles have different variety of handsets. For example, Sony launched mobiles of different range i. e. Sony Xperia P, Sony Xperia S, Sony Xperia U.These new generation mobiles are targeted for young and middle aged people. As these smartphone mobiles have latest features like Reality Display powered by the Mobile BRAVIA ® Engine HD, Clear Audio and xLOUD Sony audio technologies, a next generation PlayStation for gaming, HD camera, and social networking. It is targeted for business people as it is said â€Å"Your office is where you are†, this shows that it has excellent business capabilities. Geographic: Market is divided into different regions as one or more geographic region s cause customers to differ from one region to other.Sony has different marketing strategies for different regions, as in some regions of India; more people are attracted for loud and clear music while some regions are more in social networking. For such regions Sony launched mobiles like Sony Xperia sola, Xperia P. Largest market segment is China with 1,023 million mobile subscribers. India is second with 919 million and USA top the three with 331 million subscribers. Psychographic: Psychographic factors are also been used to segment markets, as it is divided into lifestyle, motives, etc.Lifestyle analysis provides a broad view of buyers, as it is categorised like hobbies, sports, entertainment, social events, shopping and many more. For business driven customer, Sony came up with smartphone Xperia S as a tool for their business. Also for entertainment and social networking consumers, Sony’s smartphones include features to enable the same. Behavioural: Behavioural is classif ied in some categories like Brand Loyalty, Price Sensitivity, and benefit expectation. Some of the consumers look out for brand loyalty as, Sony designed the new Smartphone which target for such customers.As price is another factor, for which the consumers check, Sony came out with price of range S$650-S$750 for Xperia S, Xperia P which has latest features. Targeting: Sony mobile is currently trying to target mid-end to higher-end market by rolling out lower priced handsets. Sony mobiles use the newest and greatest technology to appeal to their customers. The people who are most interested in staying up to date with the newest technology are usually men of the ages 18-30. Sony mobiles are more targeting for entertainment with communication.They are targeting for young and middle aged group, who are more interested in new features and latest technology. Young aged group consumers i. e. 18-25, are more attracted towards Smartphone’s having features like entertainment, social ne tworking, and camera. For which Sony is targeting these age groups with Xperia’s new versions. Sony mobile communication is also targeting for business group consumers by using excellent business features. Positioning Sony Mobile is currently focusing only on the higher end of mobile phone, the smart phone segment. They position their product as high class mobile phones.With their continuous innovation in technology, they are trying to lower the cost and produce entry-level smart phone models (telecomlead, 2012) but the image of a higher class mobile phone is still their main focus. Sony Mobile has an advantage that they inherited the image and brand name of Sony Corp. When people think of Sony, they think of high class, innovative, high-tech and best quality product. Sony Mobile is trying to re-assure customer that image through their products. PORTER’s 5 PORTER’s 5 forces analysis helps to study the market’s structure which would identify the companyâ⠂¬â„¢s attractiveness and long-run profitability. . Threat of new entrants Considering the amount of capital required to setup a mobile phone manufacturing company, the threat of new entrants are relatively low. Though few companies crop up once in a while, it is not feasible to challenge big players such as Sony. 2. Bargaining power of suppliers Sony currently has got very limited number suppliers when it comes to their chips. Since android supports only specific number of chips, Sony needs to make sure that they maintain a good working relation with such companies. Qualcomm, NVidia and ARM are such company who provides required chipsets to Sony.But in terms of other parts for their mobile, they are flexible and for few parts such as camera, they have got their own manufacturing units. 3. Bargaining power of Buyers Like in majority of the companies, bargaining power of the buyers are the prime criteria to which the companies aim to cater. All the major companies are trying to endle ssly to the catch up with the customer’s demand through offering unique features. Each Customer perceive value in a different way, thus it is very important to keep up with the customer’s expectation. 4. Threat of Substitute Products/ServicesDue to high competition in the market currently, there are high numbers of choices a customer can make while selecting their mobile. Also there is no switching cost involved except for the cost of the mobile phone. Unless 5. Intensity of Rivalry among Competitors Competition is extremely fierce between the existing mobile phone manufacturers. Competitors such as Samsung, Nokia, HTC and LG are continuously coming out with new features in a regular interval. The competitors make sure their products stand out through actively promoting them even before the launch. PEST Analysis:This is a framework where the management/strategy consultants use to get an overview of the external Macro-environment in which the organization operates. PEST factors play an important role in the value creation opportunities of a strategy. These factors are usually being considered as either threats or opportunities. Political Factors: Political factors for Sony can be changed at any time. The Government holds the power to change any policies and regulations which may affect Sony at the time. Also the recession may become reduced, therefore resulting in better trades for Sony. Government decisions an affect the organization up to high extent. Even this would affect Sony’s competitors. The laws which can affect Sony Corporation would consist of new international policies. Internationally the Government may change or increase trading restrictions which would definitely change the way Sony works, because it needs to trade. Government also has the power to change minimum wage, tax, VAT etc. These are also the factors which lead Sony to rank low compared to other competitors. Sony Mobiles are present in many countries worldwide; the p olitical pressure in each of them would affect them one way or the other.Economical Factors: The economic growth has shrunk which means that the growth of the economy is negative. Economically, due to this many changes occur such as the interest and exchanges rates. Due to the recession being deducted in the near future exchange rates may also decrease, however steadily. Sony must be aware of any trading restrictions the Government has made. Since Sony is an international company the exchange rates is different to whichever country they trade with. If the exchange rates in different countries have changed, Sony works out what prices are their products being sold at and whether it would be worth it.Sony Mobile formulates new strategies with respect to segmentation and to check on with the new price of products being launched in different markets due to the changes in these exchange rates. Also low growth in the National income of most of the countries has been resulted in low demand of the firm’s products. Because of these increasing costs and problems Sony Mobile company had to reduce the size of its organisation as it was in the year 2010, the global economic climate has a negative effect on Sony mobiles and as a direct result of this it was necessary to rebuilt and reduce the size of the organisation around the world.Social Factors: Socially, Sony Corporation would be predicted to do well. The company has already gained a lot of reputation because of the quality products and services they provide. Technology has been improved by a mass majority. Sony may even have new competitors which may impact on them. Sony must ensure that they stay ahead of technology. They must be able to create revolutionary equipment for people because that what their company would rely on to stay alive. Companies such as Microsoft and Apple would also do the same. People have trends which Sony must learn so that they may create products which can relate towards them.For examp le, many young adults tend to listen to music; therefore Sony would create products which may allow people to listen to music anywhere at any time. People will have different tastes of style, trends, activities etc. Sony must also improve their work of ideas so that they can still please their customers and that they have adapted with the ageing of the company. Technological Factors: Having new technology Sony creates and innovates products for e. g. Sony’s 12MP camera in Xperia S and their Bravia engine based HD display. This is all possible due to the technological advances.With the latest technology it is possible for Sony mobiles to reduce costs, improve quality, and lead to innovation and new developments. These products benefit the company as well as its customers. Sony mobile works around the latest technology. In order to lead with their competitors they have to stay updated every time and regularly research and develop. It depends on technology so that it may provide efficient productivity of work internationally. Sony uses upgraded and new technology to increase its productivity level and to stay ahead of its competitors.Sony uses new technology to conduct its research and development which would help the business create new products using customer information and also by conducting market research. SWOT Favourable Sony’s presence around world is given the fact that it is one of those strongest established Japanese brand. It is present in almost all the countries around the world. Sony, established in 1946 one of those world renowned companies known for their innovation and quality of products till date. They have a very strong brand name and have a magnitude of products under their brand.They are the leaders when it comes to their display unit in the mobiles as well as the camera. Apple’s Iphone 4S and Samsung’s Galaxy SIII buy their camera unit from Sony. Unfavourable Unfortunately with the lack of innovation and not kee ping up with the competition, Sony is no more a leader or even in the top 5 of the mobile phone manufacturers in the world. With more people moving towards the smart phone segment, Sony has lost out to its competitors such as Samsung, Apple, HTC, etc. Sony’s adaptation to the latest mobile technology is also at its slowest.While its competitors are moving towards the next generation technology Sony is very slow with even announcing its next generation product roadmaps. Sony currently is lacking in innovation unlike till few years back. Despite having a previous generation technology their product pricing is a tad bit higher than its competitors. Opportunities Sony has got an opportunity to tap into the lower segment market with their high quality product offering. Currently all the mobile manufacturers are very focused in their higher end and higher mid value segment market.Sony who is already a marketing leader in portable gaming service can integrate such technology into th eir mobiles and offer a unique product which will set the apart from their competitors. While all of their products currently using Google’s Android OS, they should provide faster software updates to their products. These days the operating system used also one of the decisive factors while buying a mobile. Threat Currently Samsung, Nokia and HTC are aggressively releasing their new generation smartphones and promoting the same.While other manufacturers such as LG, Motorola and Research in motion are coming out with newer product of next generation smart phone in order to stay competitive. Sony’s market share is decreasing slowly and their advertisement campaign hardly has any reach to its target segment. Competitor Analysis For the completive analysis, we’ll look at the major mobile phone manufacturers in the market. We’ll look at their strength and weaknesses, strategy and objectives. Samsung Korean Giant Samsung is one of the leading mobile manufacture rs in the world.Currently Samsung is the world’s largest smart phone maker with the sales of 45 million smartphones in the first quarter of 2012. Samsung’s strong hold is with its mid segment to the high end segment products, comprising majorly of the smartphone sporting the Google’s Android OS. Samsung is aggressively competing with Apple in the top end segment of the smart phone. Samsung’s Galaxy S line is their flagship models and are one of the highest selling products in the smartphone industry. For the first quarter of 2012, Samsung holds a market share of 23. 5% and 29. 1% of global mobile phone market and global smart phone market respectively.Nokia Nokia is one of the direct competitors of Sony from the early days. Despite its declining market share, Nokia is still the largest mobile phone maker in the world. With its strong low segment models and the recent tie up with Microsoft for their Windows Mobile OS. Nokia is aggressively trying to get so me of shares in the smartphone market. They have already strategically placed their products in the mid segment and high end segment market, ranging from Lumia 610 to the Lumia 900. HTC HTC is next big competitor to Sony. HTC trademark comes from their very quick releases of the new generation products.HTC was the first to come out the initial batch of touch screen smartphones and also the first to come out with the mobile under Android platform. HTC’s current flagship product lines are their â€Å"One† Series and are aggressively promoting it all over the world. Their strategy is to release their product ahead of the competitors and gain a good amount of market share. HTC is project itself as a very good multimedia mobile and have acquired Beats Electronic. HTC also acquired majority of the stake in â€Å"VIA Technology†, one of the major chipset makers on July 6, 2011. MotorolaThe Patent powerhouse Motorola is also on decline with respect to its market share. Motorola lacks the consistency when it comes to their market share. The threat to Sony comes from the fact that Google has acquired â€Å"Motorola Mobility† and that in the near future it’ll revamped to compete with the bigger players including Apple. Currently Motorola is doing a fair amount of sales with its â€Å"Droid RAZR† product and has got couple of more release lined up for the next generation mobiles. Apple Competitor Analysis would not complete without analysing Apple. Apple’s dominance in the market with its IPhone is unbeaten.With their aggressive marketing and innovative design, they are in the lead along with Samsung. Apple currently sports a big fan following for their products and holds a very high market share in the smartphone and tablet segment. Despite having only very less number of products in their portfolio, Apple manages post a huge profit when compared to others. In the first quarter of 2012, Apple holds a market share of 24. 2% in the smart phone segment, an 88. 7% increase from the first quarter of 2011. This scenario is bound to continue for the upcoming years. Other Players:Research In Motion (RIM), LG, ZTE are other big competitors to Sony. ZTE and LG are holding a market share of 4. 8% and 3. 4% respectively in the global mobile phone market. Whereas, Research in Motion’s market share in the smart phone is down to 6. 7% and are planning on targeting the mass market instead of restricting themselves to the business class users. Thus from the above analysis, it is evident that Sony is facing with a high amount competition and is in a very tough spot. Marketing Mix Marketing Mix is a different kind of choices organizations makes in the process of introducing a product or service to the market.The 4Ps is one of the methods used to analyse the market mix. 5. 1 Product In the Fiscal year 2011, Sony began to shift the focus of its mobile phone business exclusively to smartphones. So currently Sony Mo bile Corporation has got a very low number of products under its wing. It has got only two product lines namely â€Å"BRAVIA† and â€Å"XPERIA† range of mobile phones. The â€Å"BRAVIA† branded line of phones are exclusive to their Japanese market and there are about five models under it. For rest of the world the â€Å"XPERIA† ranges of mobile phones are being sold.First introduced back in 2008, Sony after revamping their product line retained only this series which sports the Google’s Android OS. Sony currently has got about six models under the â€Å"XPERIA† series. Sony’s flagship model â€Å"Xperia S† comes with one of the best camera in the market with its 12 Mega Pixel Sensor. With their â€Å"Xperia† product line up, Sony is trying to offer an all-round functionality offering. It is also coming up with 7 new models which will target the various segment users. Sony also has got two Tablet models namely â€Å"Sony Tablet P† and â€Å"Sony Tablet S†. Currently all of Sony’s models are featuring android and are touchscreen.Sony also has got range of Accessories to support the functionality of their mobile phones such as headset, wrist strap and customized chargers. 5. 2 Price Pricing is one of the key areas to be successful in the market and is one of the frequently investigated marketing strategies as related with quality. The perception of Sony’s superior quality is still preserved with their current models and it comes at a higher cost of production. This makes their models costing higher than its competitor with the similar product. Currently Sony’s cheapest model comes at the cost of about SG$400 and their flagship model â€Å"XPERIA S† costing about SG$700. . 3 Place Sony currently retails its mobile phone through four primary channels – traditional multi-brand shops, retail chains, local stores and also through their exclusive branded stor es. Sony also sells their product online through their own web store and also through online e-commerce websites such as newegg (US), amazon (US), flipkart (India) and other country specific e-commerce portals. Sony also sells its product with tie up the national operators of the respective country. Sony mobile takes the inherent advantages of the Sony brand and strengthens the marketing field and publicity.Build an outstanding Sony branded shop in shop and point of sale and re-establish the brand image of Sony mobile market and marketing in a wide range. And realize the integration of other businesses with the Sony Group. It means selling the smart phones in Sony home appliances and other Sony line of business sales channels online shop. In order to achieve the effective integration – Sony mobile channels the resources to the Sony Group. 5. 4 Promotion Sony Mobile currently trying to establish its â€Å"Sony† brand name after the name change from â€Å"Sony Ericssonà ¢â‚¬ .Currently Sony is trying hard to be a follower and it is currently promoting its Xperia smartphone through various communications medium such as Television advertisement, press, Internet and social websites, and road shows. Sony is also actively sponsoring various public events and also through. They are also aggressively promoting their models through the network operators by providing the mobiles at a subsidized rate upon contract. Evaluation & Recommendation From the marketing audit, it is quite evident that Sony is currently facing lots of challenges, while trying to establish its revamped image with their smartphones.They have put in strategies to gain more market shares and introducing new smartphones to keep up with the recent market development. With its strong foundation, Sony can improve their positioning in the market with strategically placed steps. Sony need to focus on delivering products that would cater to wide segment of customers. They should make sure that they come out with latest technology products on par with its competitors. Sony should bring back their innovative culture they once had and focus on becoming the market leader.They should leverage on their strong foundation with the multitude technological products under them. Sony currently does not have any low cost solution; this is a very big shift from their previous strategy wherein they had products targeting all range of customers. It is recommended they try to focus on providing low cost solution and fill in the void. Currently all the major companies are focusing their resource to compete in the mid-range to high end mobile products, leaving enough opportunity in the lower end segment of the mobile market.With the right price to feature ratio in this segment, Sony can gain a very good market share that will enable to them to recapture their past position in the near future, especially in the developing countries like India where such low price solution will attract a huge number of customers. Though Sony has got an extensive distribution network, they can provide a direct to customer model through their website which can enable them to engage the customers directly without a need of the resellers; they are already doing such model through their direct stores.With more users opting to purchase their products through the e-commerce websites, such a solution will add some good value to the company. Sony should make sure their products are marketed properly such a way they highlight the target feature for the respective target group. Thus with right products and marketing strategy, Sony Mobile Corporation can make sure that they reach their objectivity of gaining more market share. LIST OF REFERENCE Fourth quarter mobile phone industry overview | asymco. 2012. Fourth quarter mobile phone industry overview | asymco. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www. asymco. om/2011/01/31/fourth-quarter-mobile-phone-industry-overview/. Global mobile statistics 2012 Part A: Mobile subscribers; handset market share; mobile operators | mobiThinking. 2012. Global mobile statistics 2012 Part A: Mobile subscribers; handset market share; mobile operators | mobiThinking. [ONLINE] Available at: http://mobithinking. com/mobile-marketing-tools/latest-mobile-stats/a#subscribers. Gartner Says Worldwide Smartphone Sales Soared in Fourth Quarter of 2011 With 47 Percent Growth. 2012. Gartner Says Worldwide Smartphone Sales Soared in Fourth Quarter of 2011 With 47 Percent Growth. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www. artner. com/it/page. jsp? id=1924314. Key Global Telecom Indicators for the World Telecommunication Service Sector. 2012. Key Global Telecom Indicators for the World Telecommunication Service Sector. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www. itu. int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/at_glance/KeyTelecom. html. Worldwide Smartphone Market Continues to Soar, Carrying Samsung Into the Top Position in Total Mobile Phone and Smartphone Shipments, According to IDC – prUS23 455612. 2012. Worldwide Smartphone Market Continues to Soar, Carrying Samsung Into the Top Position in Total Mobile Phone and Smartphone Shipments, According to IDC – prUS23455612. ONLINE] Available at: http://www. idc. com/getdoc. jsp? containerId=prUS23455612. Global Mobile-Phone Sales and Market Share: Summary – Bloomberg. 2012. Global Mobile-Phone Sales and Market Share: Summary – Bloomberg. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www. bloomberg. com/news/2011-11-15/global-mobile-phone-sales-and-market-share-summary-table-. html. Mobile Phone Industry Profits Surge 44% in Q1 2012 . 2012. Mobile Phone Industry Profits Surge 44% in Q1 2012 . [ONLINE] Available at: http://blogs. strategyanalytics. com/WDS/post/2012/05/30/Mobile-Phone-Industry-

Fossil Fuels And Its Effects On The Environment - 2338 Words

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